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274th Forward Surgical Team (Airborne)
The 274th Forward Surgical Team (Airborne) — officially the 274th Medical Detachment, Forward Surgical (Airborne) — is an airborne forward surgical team of the United States Army providing Level II care far forward on the battlefield. It was first constituted in 1944 and served in Europe during World War II. More recently it has been involved in relief operations following natural disasters and has undertaken several recent deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan. The 274th Forward Surgical Team was part of both the initial entry forces of Operation Enduring Freedom in 2001 and Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2003. Currently the unit falls under the command of the 28th Combat Support Hospital〔(), List of subordinate units to the 28th Combat Support Hospital.〕 and is based at Fort Bragg, North Carolina.
==History==
The 274th Medical Section was constituted 19 February 1944 and activated 25 February 1944 at Camp Grant, Illinois. The unit was re-designated as the 274th Medical Detachment on 10 April 1945 during World War II. The 274th Medical Detachment was inactivated on 31 January 1946 in France. The 274th was allotted to the Regular Army on 29 December 1951, activated at Fort Sill, Oklahoma, on 18 January 1952 and inactivated on 18 August 1952. The unit was again activated on 23 November 1953 at Brooke Army Medical Center, Texas, and inactivated on 21 August 1961 in Germany. The unit then moved to Fort Knox, Kentucky, and activated on 8 February 1963 and deactivated at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, on 20 April 1970. After six years, the 274th was activated on 21 June 1976 at Fort Bragg and re-designated in March 1997 as the 274th Medical Detachment, Forward Surgical (Airborne).
In October 2001, the 274th FST (ABN) deployed to Bagram, Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom following the September 11th attacks, where it remained until May 2002. During this period, the FST was responsible for functioning as a small combat support hospital, performing in-flight resuscitations and surgeries to soldiers wounded in combat, and leading the multinational coalition that provided medical support for Operation Anaconda.〔
Most recently, the 274th FST (ABN) deployed to Jalalabad, Afghanistan, in support of Operation Enduring Freedom (XII-XIII) on 29 Jun 2012. During this time the 274th provided trauma resuscitation and emergency surgical support operations for the 4th Infantry Division and 101st Airborne Division in Eastern Afghanistan. The 274th treated over 150 trauma resuscitations and over 40 surgical cases during the deployment and provided medical support for trauma patients during four Mass Casualty (MASCAL) events. The pinnacle of these was on 2 December 2012 when FOB Fenty came under a coordinated attack by Vehicular Bourne Improvised Explosive Devices, suicide bombers as well as small and heavy weapons fire in order to breach the perimeter of the base. There were multiple casualties received by the FST while still under attack by insurgents.〔(), AlJezeera Report of 2 December 2012 Attack on FOB Fenty.〕 For its actions during this event, the 274th Forward Surgical Team (Airborne) was nominated for its second Meritorious Unit Commendation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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